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Ice dams are ridges of ice that form along the edge of a roof. Melting snow runs down, refreezes at the cold eaves, and backs water up under the shingles. In Northern Ohio’s freeze-thaw winters, that water often shows up as ceiling stains or wet insulation.
Why ice dams form
Heat escaping from the living space warms the roof deck. Snow melts on the warm upper roof and refreezes at the overhang, which stays cold. The culprits are usually too little attic insulation, air leaks into the attic and poor ventilation.
Warning signs
- Large icicles along the gutters
- Water stains on ceilings near exterior walls
- Ice building up behind the gutters
- Frost or damp insulation in the attic
Safe short-term fixes
- Pull snow off the lower few feet of the roof with a roof rake from the ground.
- Keep gutters and downspouts clear before winter.
- Never chip ice with a hammer or shovel. You’ll damage the shingles.
- For severe dams, call a roofer who uses low-pressure steam.
Long-term solutions
- Seal attic air leaks around light fixtures, vents and the attic hatch.
- Add insulation. Many older Ohio homes need more than they have.
- Improve ventilation with soffit and ridge vents so the roof deck stays cold.
- Install ice and water shield along the eaves at your next roof replacement.
Next steps
Take the free Ohio Winter Readiness Assessment, download the Ohio Winter Prep Checklist, or find a local roofer for an inspection.
